Medical abstractive summarization faces challenges in balancing faithfulness and informativeness, typically compromising one for the opposite. Whereas latest methods like in-context studying (ICL) and fine-tuning have enhanced summarization, they continuously overlook key points comparable to mannequin reasoning and self-improvement. The shortage of a unified benchmark complicates systematic analysis on account of inconsistent metrics and datasets. The stochastic nature of LLMs can result in summaries that deviate from enter paperwork, posing dangers in medical contexts the place correct and full info is important for decision-making and affected person outcomes.
Researchers from ASUS Clever Cloud Providers, Imperial School London, Nanyang Technological College, and Tan Tock Seng Hospital have developed a complete benchmark for six superior abstractive summarization strategies throughout three datasets utilizing 5 standardized metrics. They introduce uMedSum, a modular hybrid framework designed to reinforce faithfulness and informativeness by sequentially eradicating confabulations and including lacking info. uMedSum considerably outperforms earlier GPT-4-based strategies, reaching an 11.8% enchancment in reference-free metrics and most popular by docs 6 instances extra in advanced instances. Their contributions embrace an open-source toolkit to advance medical summarization analysis.
Summarization sometimes includes extractive strategies that choose key phrases from the enter textual content and abstractive strategies that rephrase content material for readability. Current advances embrace semantic matching, keyphrase extraction utilizing BERT, and reinforcement studying for factual consistency. Nonetheless, most approaches use both extractive or abstractive strategies in isolation, limiting effectiveness. Confabulation detection stays difficult, as current methods typically fail to take away ungrounded info precisely. To handle these points, a brand new framework integrates extractive and abstractive strategies to take away confabulations and add lacking info, reaching a greater stability between faithfulness and informativeness.
To handle the dearth of a benchmark in medical summarization, the uMedSum framework evaluates 4 latest strategies, together with Ingredient-Conscious Summarization and Chain of Density, integrating the best-performing methods for preliminary abstract technology. The framework then removes confabulations utilizing Pure Language Inference (NLI) fashions, which detect and remove inaccurate info by breaking summaries into atomic information. Lastly, lacking key info is added to reinforce the abstract’s completeness. This three-stage, modular course of ensures that summaries are each trustworthy and informative, bettering current state-of-the-art medical summarization strategies.
The research assesses state-of-the-art medical summarization strategies, enhancing top-performing fashions with the uMedSum framework. It makes use of three datasets: MIMIC III (Radiology Report Summarization), MeQSum (Affected person Query Summarization), and ACI-Bench (doctor-patient dialogue summarization), evaluated with each reference-based and reference-free metrics. Among the many 4 benchmarked fashions—LLaMA3 (8B), Gemma (7B), Meditron (7B), and GPT-4—GPT-4 persistently outperformed others, notably with ICL. The uMedSum framework notably improved efficiency, particularly in sustaining factual consistency and informativeness, with seven of the highest ten strategies incorporating uMedSum.
In conclusion, uMedSum is a framework that considerably improves medical summarization by addressing the challenges of sustaining faithfulness and informativeness. By way of a complete benchmark of six superior summarization strategies throughout three datasets, uMedSum introduces a modular method for eradicating confabulations and including lacking key info. This method results in an 11.8% enchancment in reference-free metrics in comparison with earlier state-of-the-art (SOTA) strategies. Human evaluations reveal docs want uMedSum’s summaries six instances greater than earlier strategies, particularly in difficult instances. uMedSum units a brand new customary for correct and informative medical summarization.
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